Endless Summer

My first concern is no hot shower. The phone is charged, which is good because otherwise I would have missed the notice on my weather app about a “Regional Planned Emergency Power Outage.” That’s the wording.  As a former city planner I’m especially amused by the oxymoronic term, ‘planned emergency.’ Apparently it provided “plausible deniability” for hotels that rented rooms in spite on knowing what was coming. 

Up until then I liked my big bright corner room in the grand old hotel. The fire escape door at the end of the hall was tied open and there was a smell of room deodorant masking a sewer scent in the bathroom. But the mountain view – incomparable and stunning.

Red Mountain White Knuckles

The drive on US 550 between Durango and Ouray is intense. As kids we called the whole stretch the “Million Dollar Highway.” It probably costs at least that much every year just to maintain it. It is now apparently only called that between Silverton and Ouray. According to wiki, it’s the portion twelve miles south of Ouray – that last hair raising portion through Uncompagre Gorge, that gives the highway its name. Quick glances at faces in oncoming cars show passengers expressing worry or terror. 

The highway is a staggering and impressive drive all the way from Albuquerque. It’s US 550 the entire way – Bernalillo on the Rio Grande Valley to Montrose on the Western Slope – through some of the most interesting geology in the west. Portions follow routes used in prehistory and the Old Spanish Trail. In the San Juans a man named Otto Mears built the first tollroads on parts of what became 550. Then he built the first railroad to Silverton. Collectors of railroad memorabilia love his Silverton Railroad passes, printed on buckskin and adorned with silver filigree. 

It’s nice to divide the drive into two parts with a stop in Silverton for relief from the cliff-clinging road. A free Shakespeare production of As You Like It in intimate little Anesi Park that night was delightful. Multiple sponsors included UpstART Theater That Moves. The play was also preformed in Ouray.  

The Silverton history museum has expanded from the old jail to a mining boarding house donated to the San Juan Historical Society and moved to town. In and under those buildings is everything related to mining but a live burro. A mineral exhibit has me transfixed and I stare at innocent looking yellow uranium powder for probably too long wondering if it’s safe.  

My second concern on the morning of no electricity, is no hot coffee. I thank my stars for the cold brew I bought yesterday in Durango and sit in my car taking big gulps while admiring the looming mountainsides. They’re illuminated like a stage backdrop by the rising sun. No stage production could match it. Somewhere someone is whistling. 

The whole county seems to be lined up in the one coffee shop with a generator. There are delicious pastries. A hot cup takes over ten minutes. Everyone is listening to city workers – big guys in work clothes talking loud and greeting each other as they file in between the tourists. One guy says marijuana is a gateway drug and another says it sure was for him. The whole place erupts in laughter.

Carnegie Library, Silverton CO

I love old places, including big richly storied western hotels. I worked at an old resort near Denver for a summer in college. It was memorable. I can smell it now – old wood and dust. The work was grueling – dragging an old vacuum cleaner to hillside cabins, cleaning all day after serving breakfast then cleaning up to serve dinner. The six of us lived in a bunk room under the porch with no insulation and touchy wiring. No one could use a blowdryer without blowing a fuse and this was the late seventies so that was a problem. We got one day off a week, separately. I would drive to Denver in a borrowed VW beetle alone to watch The Rocky Horror Picture Show. 

It was pretty – that canyon and the trees and the grand old three-story tower. We rattled the bones of that building at square dances in the lobby, attendance at which was mandatory. Sometimes people played the piano. The whole place seemed alive. 

Give me an old hotel over a new dull and anonymous one any day. But some people think that’s what a hotel should be. They don’t want character, just sleep. Preferably with electricity.

Silver City

A few weeks later I drove west to Silver City from I-25 through the Black Range. It is a magical and less scary for the height conscious passengers. I remember boys at NMSU hauling bicycles up and riding them down the curvy steep bits above Kingston. I drove the pickup. No one was hurt, remarkably.  Tiny grey deer under ponderosa watch the occasional traffic. I try and take photos but end up attempting watercolors  later for the first time in years – simply inspired.

Silver City is a good and interesting. It’s one of those places where the rolling Wheel of Fortune has been very visible and left an indelible track. Artists and seekers sometimes come to places like this.  Sometimes money or popularity “ruin it” and we’ll talk about how Vail or Durango or Santa Fe used to be. Silver is like that now.  I’m sure it’ll change again. Cultures have been displacing, absorbing, undermining each other from prehistory. Land and landscapes used and abused. Mountains turned upside down for copper. Rebellion over cows to controversial feral cow elimination.

It’s always the end of an era. Sometimes things get better. Sometimes (usually) long after “we” are gone. Like how a flood in 1895 washed out Silver City’s Main Street leaving a 55 foot deep trench. Main street became the next street over. Now the trench is a pretty linear park. 

The copper mines could be a set piece for the recent Netflix series “KAOS” with Jeff Goldblum as Zeus sitting in a giant excavator observing the miles-wide pockmarks, seeping festules, funny-colored fake mountains. A friendly cowboy in the brew pub said when dust from blasting settles on cars it eats away the paint, “and that can’t be good.” He knows dust, being from where dust storms frequently close I-10. I asked if the mines employed many people. He said he didn’t really know but that they’ll never close them. They’ll always keep “a skeleton crew” to avoid the costs of reclamation work required when they close.

I stayed at the Murphy Hotel, a downtown classic. It is solid, simple, nice. I like to pretend I’m the Hotel Inspector. That reality show follows famed hotelier, Alex Polizzi, around Britain as she visits and critiques hotels and B and Bs. I don’t have her background, experience, heritage or chops, but I know good vibes and clean sheets when I feel and see them. I also see that cool Mondrian inspired mural on the back wall across from restored old brick buildings. I can smell the sweet little bakery downstairs around the corner.

Mimbres pottery is a reminder of prehistory and that spinning wheel of time. Western New Mexico University has a huge collection housed in a beautiful 1917 Arts and Crafts building. The distinctive black on white Mimbres pots with animal images became so popular with collectors that ancient sites where the pottery originated have been routinely destroyed. A century of looting resulted in several large private collections that this museum has acquired for analysis and display. 

Mimbres means little willow in Spanish. We don’t know what these people called themselves or the beautiful river valley where many villages were located. Similarly, the Mimbres are classified as part of the Mogollon culture, named after mountains that were named for a Governor of New Spain. 

The Sonoran Desert

Interstate 10 is very bumpy and busy past the Arizona border. It’s best viewed as it stretches out in the distance on the descent from Silver City. Trainline-like lines of tractor trailers move back and forth. You barely see the cars, seemingly outnumbered by big trucks.

Arizona Highways November 1953 Commemorating “The First Hundred Years” of the Gadsden Purchase

This was part of  the Gadsden Purchase – 45,000 square miles the US ripped-off from Mexico in 1854 for a transcontinental route and a railroad magnate’s aspirations. Mexico pretty much ripped it off from the Apaches who ripped it off from the Mogollon and Hohokam and Ancient Puebloans. All this within a millennium. 

It never stops. Subdivisions punch holes in the delicate Sonoran desert. It is an honor and a tragedy to be this close. Like petting an endangered fish. I baby talk to javalina from a swimming pool and sketch quail from the bedroom window. The relentless wheel spins. What will be next, you can’t predict. 

So breathe the delicate morning air. Enjoy the native desert. Come back when it’s cooler.

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History of the Albuquerque Indian School Cemetery

By Joe Sabatini

Part 1

When the Albuquerque Indian School (AIS) was established in 1881, it brought together students mostly from the Pueblos and other Southwestern tribes. Bringing children of different ages and tribes together in a concentrated and regimented way had an impact on the health of the school community.  Contagious infectious diseases such as influenza, scarlet fever, measles and mumps could break out among students living in dormitories.  Although the Indian Bureau provided medical care and vaccinations, these services were limited by low budgets. 

Wittick, Ben, A visit to the Indian School Dining Room at Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1880-90? Courtesy of the Palace of the Governors Photo Archives (NMHM/DCA), Ben Wittick Collection, Negative No. 086868.

Even with the establishment of an Indian hospital on the AIS campus in 1890, there were students who died from epidemic disease outbreaks. In some situations, the remains of deceased students were not returned to their home communities. A cemetery was established on school property around 1885. The best information we have is that twenty five to thirty individuals were buried therebetween 1888 and 1932. There are indications that some of the individuals buried at this Cemetery were AIS staff members or Native people who died at the AIS Hospital. There are also recorded Native American burials in a dedicated area at Historic Fairview Cemetery, some of whom were AIS students.


Albuquerque Museum – PA1978-141-20 ca. 1932


As AIS phased out its vocational agriculture programs in the late 1950s, the property west of 12th Street used for crops and grazing land was no longer needed. On April 25, 1960, the Bureau of Indian Affairs (B.I.A.) conveyed a 7-acre parcel of land to Bernalillo County, including the Cemetery grounds. The County leased part of the property to the 4-H Building Corporation, which established a 4-H Center and rodeo grounds.  Other land transactions occurred in the next few years, resulting in the creation of a new diagonal street, Menaul Extension, connectingMenaul Blvd. with Indian School Road.  The old route of Menaul Blvd west of 12th Street was adjusted to fork off of Menaul Extension next to the Cemetery. The City sub-leased the 2.95-acre triangular plot north of Menaul Extension from the 4-H Building Corporation on November 4, 1963, originally for a tree nursery, but ultimately for a public park they named 4-H Park.

City of Albuquerque Right of Way Survey, May, 1962. In Solar Arc project files of the Public Art Urban Enhancement Division.)

 In 1992, the University of New Mexico asked the City to relocate the Solar Arc, a public art sculpture at Central and Girard NE. The local neighborhood association successfully requested that it be placed in 4-H Park.During the process of relocating the Solar Arc, City officials took the Cemetery’s location into account. At the dedication ceremony in 1995, Dr. Joe Sando spoke about the Cemetery on behalf of the Indian Pueblo Cultural Center. A quotation from his remarks was included on the plaque describing and explaining the Solar Arc. “In honor of former Albuquerque Indian School students interred in the burial ground nearby. ‘Few are recalled after going to rest as these resting here. Indeed, they are in peace.’ “ 



When AIS was closed in 1981, the students were transferred to the Santa Fe Indian School. AIS records were placed in a basement, and many of them were damaged in a flood. There may have been records in other files that remained on the remaining campus buildings. There were no resources to protect these buildings, and several were destroyed by vagrants starting fires to keep warm in winter. In 1992, the remaining campus buildings were razed. Most of the records from the school were lost during this period.  It is likely that among the lost records was any registry of the names of the individuals buried in the Cemetery.

In 2019, neighbors discovered that the 1973 memorial plaque was missing. It seems highly likely that the bronze plaque was stolen for its value as scrap metal. During this period the theft of historical plaques in Albuquerque became a common occurrence.

When AIS was closed in 1981, the students were transferred to the Santa Fe Indian School. AIS records were placed in a basement, and many of them were damaged in a flood. There may have been records in other files that remained on the remaining campus buildings. There were no resources to protect these buildings, and several were destroyed by vagrants starting fires to keep warm in winter. In 1992, the remaining campus buildings were razed. Most of the records from the school were lost during this period.  It is likely that among the lost records was any registry of the names of the individuals buried in the Cemetery.

Part 2.

Following revelations in June 2021 of unmarked gravesites at Indian Boarding Schools in Canada, protests and demonstrations occurred nationally about the condition of cemeteries at former Indian Boarding Schools. Native American demonstrators in Albuquerque noted that the missing plaque was typical of the dominant culture’s attempt to erase their heritage and culture. They placed ribbons, teddy bears and other children’s toys around a tree next to the missing memorial. Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland announced a Federal Indian Boarding School Initiative, a comprehensive review of the troubled legacy of federal boarding school policies.

Photo by the author.

In response, the City of Albuquerque closed off the area around the Cemetery and initiated a public process with tribal involvement to acknowledge their responsibility for the site and to protect and commemorate the Cemetery. On September 25, 2021, Mayor Tim Keller held an AIS Cemetery Healing, Reflection and Memorial event at the Native American Community Academy, at which he apologized for the City’s treatment of the cemetery grounds. The City Council also passed a resolution of apology and commitment to do a proper memorial. 

The City’s Office of Equity and Inclusion reached out to regional tribal governments seeking records about children who died while attending AIS. They sought input about the appropriate way to memorialize the cemetery. There were several public and online meetings seeking historical data and recommendations on securing and memorializing the Cemetery. The Parks and Recreation Department commissioned a survey of 4-H Park using ground penetrating radar. 

The COVID-19 epidemic caused significant delays in the public process. In June, 2024 the Parks Department replaced the temporary mesh fencing enclosing the Cemetery grounds with a permanent tubular steel fence that matches the existing fencing along Menaul Extension. Community and tribal members will now have the opportunity to provide input on appropriately commemorating the century-long heritage of the Albuquerque Indian School and its Cemetery. 

Additional information about the history of the Cemetery and the public memorialization process is available on the City of Albuquerque website.

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Sandia Picnic

Sandia Mountain – The length of NM 165 

Memorial Weekend 2024 and the month of Jerry Widdison’s 90th Birthday

We drove on the old 66 highway in the trusty old Civic, past Red Ryder’s “Beavertown” location and past the old building that stretches along the bottom of the canyon where Glen Campbell once joined his Uncle Dick Bills playing and singing with the Sandia Mountain Boys. Jerry recalled the radio and TV show. Remember the KOB jingle that Glen sang?* 

Riding down the trail to Albuquerque

Saddlebags all filled with beans and jerky

Heading for K Circle B

The TV Ranch for you and me

K Circle B in Albuquerque

You’d sing it in the car on long drives home in the un-air conditioned Plymouth station wagon. “The TV Ranch for you and me,” changed to “That’s the place for you and me.” 

*A couple of TACA board members who’d never heard it were subjected to a rendition at a recent meeting.

Northward from the Village of Tijeras was our route. The first stop wasn’t far – the Ojito de San Antonio county open space.  The parking area is behind the San Antonio Catholic Mission Church which sits on a  portion of an ancient Pueblo ruin. Treasured water from springs flows through the secluded valley to the settlement below – on the other side of the fast four-lane. The speeding traffic adds a special frisson to our journey.

From the giant roundabout construction project at Sandia Crest Road we headed up into to the Cibola National Forest. It was still early when we pulled into the Doc Long Picnic area and quickly left, reminded it was busy Memorial Weekend. The crowded noisy parking area was nearly full.

The place was named for William Henry ‘Doc’ Long, who was a pathologist with the US Forest Service and had an experimental station and cabin there from 1910 into the thirties. Jerry noted the canyon here is called Tejano, probably for Long, who was from Texas.

Onward and upward, past the Sandia Peak Ski Area – closed. That’s a missed opportunity. We’d pay to ride the chairlift on a nice day like this. Skiing and development for winter sports began as soon as the first road was built in the twenties. The La Madera Winter Sports area opened in 1938 and replaced an even older winter recreation area at Tree Springs. This and other factoids from the wonderful rich and heavy tome published by the East Mountain Historical Society.

Portions of NM 165, the Sandia Loop, date from the twenties and it was likely a trail before that. It follows the creek that runs north called Las Huertas. According to Place Names of New Mexico, the book Jerry has contributed to, the upper portion of the creek was named Ellis for the family that homesteaded there. There was once an old two story cabin on a pond fed by springs at the Ellis place. Toured in the eighties, the cabin was spooky dark and low and full with books. The woods were full of bear and the pond was full of water. The cabin burned down decades ago.

The Civilian Conservation Corps did a lot of work on the roads, trails, and picnic areas on forest lands here. The Las Huertas picnic area is one wonderful result. At a quiet a picnic table surrounded by beautiful huge ponderosas we had our lunch of chicken sandwiches and ginger beer.

The trusty Civic made it through the mountain on rocky rough NM 165 down to Placitas. On a whim   we went north where the paved road bends west into the village. There are new big houses all over these hills now. They’re a stark contrast to what some people had going out here 50 or 60 years ago. Jerry remembers the commune named “Tawapa” and it’s in the Place Names book. There were several others, most short-lived.

The Tawapa residents were displaced after losing a court battle over ownership in the 1980’s. It echoed the fate of a place called Tejon near here. The Tejon Land Grant was purchased and its residents displaced after losing a legal fight in 1890. It’s always been about land. And water.

Las Huertas Creek is named for the vegetable and fruit gardens and the meager flow is precious here.

We came upon a feral horse herd. It felt like a magical equine safari. Chirrups at a bay stallion from the open window failed to even cause an ear to twitch. He didn’t give us the time of day. But it was about 3PM.

We completed the Sandia Loop Road, and headed down the trail to Albuquerque in the trusty dusty Civic, thoroughly enchanted.

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Jerry’s 90th!

Jerry Widdison had his 90th and celebrated in May at a surprise birthday party and again at the May TACA board meeting. Here’s background on Jerry from a previous post.

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Alameda Canines

Screenshot
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Sister Station

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Conservation Easements

As remaining rural agricultural land in the Albuquerque area is swallowed up by growth it is important to know that owners have alternatives. That could be a more innovative development that seeks to protect the character of the property, such as maintaining common land. Others may hope for outright purchase by the city or county for open space or a park. Undeniably, far more often land is sold, divided and developed as conventional subdivisions that build to the maximum density possible without room or sentiment for preserving views, wildlife corridors, trees, or even significant archaeological sites. 

Conservation easements are a way landowners may choose to preserve property voluntarily. The owner enters into a legal agreement with a land trust that permanently protects conservation values by limiting future uses. The easement runs with the land in perpetuity. 

Aside from the obvious benefits of preservation, owners still own their land and can sell or lease it if they want and may be eligible for significant income, estate, and property tax benefits.  

Statewide in New Mexico 17 different land trusts protect nearly 2.5 million acres.  

There are at least 8 accredited land trusts working in the Albuquerque area according to the Land Trust Alliance. (landtrustalliance.org) Each has one or more conservation priorities such as forests, wildlife habitat, agricultural land, and archaeological sites. 

The Rio Grande Agricultural Land Trust (http://rgalt.org) is active in the Middle Rio Grande Valley. They  presently hold 6,269 acres and are working with Bernalillo County on additional easements in the Albuquerque area. 

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Jerry and Georgia

TACA Board member Jerry Widdison in the O’Keeffe and Moore exhibit, at the Albuquerque Museum.

This is a great opportunity to see many of O’Keefe’s well known works and learn about British sculptor Henry Moore. The show pairs the two modernists and details their work, including their recreated studios with some of the found natural objects that inspired them. The exhibit is there until December 2023.

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Our Station

Not everyone was comfortable with the introduction of car culture and gas stations into the American landscape. Conoco and Phillips 66 came up with the idea of making their gas stations look like houses to better blend better into neighborhoods. The stations were built to last. Our station is rapidly approaching its 100th birthday!

The National Register of Historic Places registration form notes the station is a representation of the “House with Bays” subtype of station popular in the 1930’s.

The front facade facing south onto Coal Avenue presents a bold composition of two steeply pitched gables intersected by an equally steeply pitched side-gabled mass. The building, as originally constructed, contained only one service bay.With additional business, a matching bay was added to the east in c.1939

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Ann Carson

TACA President, long-time Huning Highlands resident, and historic preservation expert, Ann Carson, had a birthday recently! Happy Birthday Ann!

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